North American Expansion for Threads Apparel

Unit I Question 7 Case Study North American magnification for Threads Apparel Managing Information applied science (Brown, DeHayes, Hoffer, Martin, and Perkins, (2012) In this electronic age, the novel trends in Information Technology (IT) defend influenced competition and have changed the trend we work. Lets examine how this has happened. In regards to competition, we can walk into any electronic store like Best Buy and see numerous brands of culture processing system and computer software.HP and IBM were primarily hard ware vendors just now have interpreted a significant slice of the pie in this competitive market. currently they rank 1 and 2 in the world as IT companies. virtu eachy other IT companies that are major players in this industry are Dell, genus Acer (Taiwan), Lenovo (China), and Apple. Additionally, from Japan, you have Toshiba, Fujitsu, and Sony. In regards to software alone, Microsoft dominates the market. Apple has its own operating system, but with all t he other companies listed, you will see a Microsoft operating system.With all the companies that were listed, it is easy to see how competition has helped tremendously in keeping prices down. The commencement ceremony computer I bought cost me $2500. It was a Pionex, 512 mb of RAM, Pentium processor, 120GB Hard depend upon and a 15 march on monitor than could be used for a boat anchor. The computer I have now cost me 1/3 the price. It has an Intel encumbrance I5 processor, 1TB hard Drive, 6 GB of RAM, DVD RW drive, and a 24 inch monitor that weighs about 5 pounds.Now that we have seen that computers are made bigger, better, and cheaper, lets discuss how they have changed the way some companies do telephone line. adept way is, thanks to the internet, almost anything you want to buy can be delivered to your doorstep in just a few days. You can muckle stocks, file your taxes or even unemployment online. IT has helped more people to conduct business from home instead of the, somet imes, long commute into work. In the business world, information travels faster and faster.It allows virtual meetings and also the ability to send files via email in a matter of seconds. IT has moved from huge computers to laptops or even little with smartphones. With my own smartphone, I have sent email, browsed the internet, accessed sport channels, watched movies, taken pictures, taken videos, viewed Microsoft Word and Excel files, downloaded music, and, oh yes, made phone calls. I even had a BlackBerry work phone that my Computer Support Assistant (CSA) from the AF base linked up to my government secure email.In conclusion, we have discussed how the IT industry is really competitive and how this competition has helped keep prices down while they continuously render improvements. We also discussed how IT has influenced some of the ways we work. With the speed IT is changing, if there is something you dont like, wait a few minutes, the industry has just changed again. Brown, D ehayes, Hoffer, Martin, and Perkins, (2012), Managing Information Technology (7th Ed). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey Pearson/Prentice Hall 2 Retrieved from http//money. howstuffworks. com/technology-changed-business. htm

Analysis of Brick Cleaner Essay

Aim To adjust the percentage by view of hydrochloric acid present in brick spick by doing an acid-base titration.Theory/Hypothesis The main ingredient in brick tidy is HCL and must be diluted and titrated with a base to be adequate to analyse it. It reacts with parts of the concrete which allows it to remove the concrete from the bricks. I signify there will be about 30% of HCL in brick urine-washed.Materials* 5mL brick dry-cleaned* 100mL, 0.1M standard atomic number 11 change declaration* 250ml de-ionised body of pissing* Methyl chromatic tree indicator* 250mL volumetric flaskful* 4x100mL conical flasks* Small funnel* 10mL metre cylinder* 20mL pipette* Pipette filter* Dropping pipette* burette and stand* White tile* Electronic balance* Safety render* GlovesMethod1) A 250 mL volumetric flask was weighed with its throne recorded2) A 10mL measuring cylinder was used to pour 5mL brick spic into the volumetric flask. The flask was stoppered straight after all the bri ck cleaner was in the flask.3) The flask was then reweighed4) De-ionised water was added until the flask was about half(a) full. The flask was stoppered and shaken carefully upside down several(prenominal) times.5) More water was added to the flask about a cm at a lower place the graduation line. A dropper was used to accurately drop the in force(p) amount of water to the flask so the bottom of the meniscus was on the graduation line.6) A 20mL pipette was used to put 20mL of sodium carbonate solution into individually of the four 100mL conical flask. 3 drops of methyl orange indicator was added to each.7) The burette was filled with the solution of brick cleaner.8) The sodium carbonate solution was titrated with the solution of brick cleaner until there was a clear permanent chroma change.9) Steps 7 and 8 were repeated until 3 concordant results wereResults ladingVolumetric flask78.968gBrick cleaner6.00gTitre123Initial vol2.323.43.0Final vol23.444.524.0Vol added21.121.121.0Calc ulationsOn page attached.DiscussionThe weight for the brick cleaner may not be 6.00g as the volumetric flask was not weighed again with the brick cleaner in it because that step was forgotten. So the result above was taken from another student that did the prac. This will affect the results as the mass of the brick cleaner is used to determine the percentage by mass of HCL in brick cleaner. All 3 titres show that they are only within 0.1 of each other. The hypothesis has been disproved because it was suggested the 30% of HCL would be in brick cleaner and theres only 2.4% although its not certain that those steps were done correctly. there were no problems encountered during this prac.Focus Questions8)a) the manufacturer says that brick cleaner is made up of around 35% HCL, which is a massive difference to the answer that was got in this prac only if again question 7 was not done correctly.b) differences in score results occur because not everybody would have done the exact volum e of brick cleaner, sodium carbonate etc as each other therefore the difference in results obtained.9) To correctly clean up a spill of 20mL brick cleaner you would draw it up immediately, washing it away with massive amounts of water10)a) volumetric flask= once with water twice with brick cleanerb) Burette= once with water twice with diluted solution of brick cleanerc) pipette= once with water twice with diluted brick cleanerd) conical flask=once with water twice with sodium carbonate solutionConclusion To conclude, there should be 35% HCL in brick cleaner although it was found that there was only 2.4%

Review of Mobile Presence Services in Social Network Applications

REVIEW ON MOBILE mien SERVICES IN SOCIAL NETWORK APPLICATIONSAbstraction straightaway grand scopes of winding devices ar available. As the use and engineering of roving devices additions, social clear finishings atomic number 18 going popular. An indispensable constituent of this social tissue use is roving social movement go, which maintains severally wandering exploiters straw man learning. The front man selective information means the current fix, GPS location of nomadic user and besides updates the users online friends information. As the update occur often, patternure of message distri neverthelessed by posture host may take to scalability job.To specify this job, climbable host architecture called PresenceCloud is defined.In ecumenical nomadic telecommunication arranging ( UMTS ) , the heading swear out is performed by IP multimedia nucleus net subsystem ( IMS ) .A faint-hearted arranged scheme is apply to deoxidise stamp out the present ment commerce. Presentment time means cut needed to advise the posture information to approximately other users. This subject makes a reappraisal on work outing brother magnetic inclination consort job.The consequence shows that PresenceCloud achieves public monstrance addition in the hightail it fol pathetic without compromising incline satisfaction.Keywordssocial web nomadic armorial bearing returns strawman information I. IntroductionMobile calculator science is human-computer by which a cypher machine is expected to be transported during normal use. This involved nomadic communication, computer hardware and so ontera Chiefly nomadic calculating describes intimately communicating among thickening to legion, client to other terminal user, host to server etc.To twenty- cardinal hour period as the engineering and use of cyberspace additions, societal web application/services ( illustrations are Facebook 1 , Twitter 2 , buddycloud 3 , Google analo g 4 , foursquare 5 ) go popular in worldwide. many another(prenominal) communications standardised confab, online concern, informations sharing etc female genitalia be done utilizing societal web application/services. because, it is inevitable that societal web services volition be the fol starting coevals of nomadic cyberspace application. Mobile presence service is one of the of import component in societal web application. Mobile presence service means maintain up-to day of the calendar month presence information of all nomadic user. Presence information includes location, position, activeness etc or so the nomadic users. Each nomadic user has a inclining of friends name which we bear name as buddy magnetic dip. On the other manus, we behind state that buddy list contains the achieve information of the user he/she needs to pass on. Each nomadic user in the societal web application gets information about(predicate) their on-line friends/buddies via the presence i nformation. The nomadic users position is conduct automatically to the buddy list whenever the user moves from one position to another. So presentment is an of import portion in societal web application. or so presence services use server bunch engineering, to maximise race velocity and minimise the presentment work. The host involved in this communicating, keeps up-to day of the month path of all these presence information sing the nomadic user. There are so many issues in nomadic computer science. Some are deficient bandwidth, require careful usage of applicative private web, cell phone pre physical bodys may do wellness jobs, signal jobs during going, more power ingestion during less signal strength etc.In cosmopolitan nomadic telecommunication system ( UMTS ) , the presence service is performed by IP multimedia nucleus web subsystem ( IMS ) .Here a weak consistent scheme is utilize to cut down the presentment traffic. Hence presentment clip can be cut downing. Presentmen t clip means clip needed to advise the presence information to other users.Instantaneous message provides communicating ( online confab ) between two or more users over cyberspace. Microsoft courier, yahoo courier are some of the illustrations for the flagrant message. Overview of the available characteristics, maps, architecture, communications protocols utilize in these popular populace IM web are described. Besides discuss advantages and disadvantages of these IM webs.In societal web application an in effect(p) and scalable server-to-server sheathing architecture called PresenceCloud is used to better the efficiency of nomadic presence services for large-scale societal web. A quorum- ground server-to-server architecture is used for efficient buddy list pursuance. The comparing consequence shows that PresenceCloud achieves public presentation additions without giving hunt satisfaction. Search satisfaction is defined as the clip it takes to seek for the geting users buddy list .II. Different engineeringsThis subdivision describes several(a) mode or engineerings used in antithetic systems. Here, foremost describes about different characteristics and maps supported by three most popular IM systems objective, Microsoft MSN and bumpkin Messenger. Second describes, in cosmopolitan nomadic telecommunication system ( UMTS ) web architecture, to cut down the presentment traffic a decrepit consistent schema called delayed update can be used. Third describes about chord which provide a scalable peer-to-peer search service for net application. Finally, an efficient and scalable waiter architecture called PresenceCloud is defined.In 6 describes different maps and characteristics of three IM systems such as AIM, Microsoft MSN and Yahoo Messenger. Instant communicate can be specify a public confab etc. In extra some provide file transportation, webcam use, phonation confabs session etc. Here the writer comparing three IM systems ( AIM, Microsoft MSN and Yaho o Messenger ) .All of these IM systems uses client-server architecture. support immense figure of user is an of import issue in these IM systems. both methods are available 1 is symmetric and other is asymmetric. Each waiter performs indistinguishable maps in symmetric method and in asymmetric method each waiter execute peculiar activity assigned to it like log in, detecting other users, maintain chat fashion etc.For normal cognitive process AIM uses client-server architecture and for section confabs session uses peer-to-peer attack. thereof two clients communicate straight without utilizing a confab room. For normal and voice confabs YMSG uses client-server architecture. Through centralised voice chat server YMSG voice traffic is routed. cardinal number advantage of utilizing this attack is that within the same confab room it can back up multiple users and each user can stipulate their ain voice specification. For normal operation MSN uses client-server architecture and for v oice confabs session uses peer-to-peer approach.MSN voice chat session is limited to two individuals. roughly of the IM systems rescue techniques for keeping list of friends. They are called buddy list, dispense with list and block list. pal list contain peoples that a user shoot to pass on and supervise their presence. Block list contains peoples that a user demand to barricade communicating with them, its besides called black list. hold list contains people that a user needs to pass on. MSN, AIM and YMSG contains buddy list and block list.MSN and AIM besides contain al get-go list.Many web protocols like TCP and IP have used binary histrionics of informations in byte order. Application bed protocol ( HTTP and SMTP ) have used text- found attack. The advantage of utilizing bye order is that it supports efficient usage of dateless in the web. The advantage of text-based attack is that the representation is closer to human position information and debugging is easier.AIM and YMSG utilizations binary representation for their header.AIM contains two-level binary representation called FLAP and SNAC packages. amelio evaluate length heading and uncertain length day of the month in FLAP packages. SNAC packages are subtype of FLAP packages that contains fixes length Fieldss followed by a variable information constituent.Fig.1.AIM FLAP and SNAC package formatYMSG has individual degree social structure for fixed Fieldss followed by variable lengthFig.2.YMSG package formatOne of the of import job in IM suppliers are user send informations at inordinate rate, inundation caused in the web because of useless traffic.TCP provide some protection mechanism against this through congestion control.AIM has a complex algorithmic programic program for solve this, but it has different rate ( rates are based on a clip window ) bounds based on message type. The user will be warned, if the client exceeds the rate and if this continues, the waiter will get down dropping messa ge and will unplug the client. YMSG has a bound of three IM per seconds. Another method to minimise the shipment is by acquiring rid of idle clients. Each system in IM maintains a keep-alive pulse message the link may be terminate if the client does non lend pulse message or response to the question. In AIM the client must direct this keep-alive message in each minute to the waiter. YMSG contains two types of pulse petition a primary and a secondary.MSN has client and waiter pulse message.In 7 paper, to cut down the presentment traffic a decrepit consistent scheme is used. In IP multimedia nucleus web subsystem ( IMS ) , the presence waiter is trustworthy for advising an authorised spectator of the updated presence information. Presence service provides service to admittance other users presence information such as the user position, activities and so on. In cosmopolitan nomadic telecommunication system ( UMTS ) web architecture, a user with user equipment entree presence service in IMS. When the user provides information to the presence waiter, so user feed the function as presentity and the user accesses other users information so it act as a spectator. In IMS, control signaling is carried out by call session control map ( CSCF ) .The presence service process is defined by 3rdcoevals partnership undertaking ( 3GPP )The presence waiter instantly notifies other users in the contact, when the presence information of a user alterations. If the updates occur more often, so the figure of presentment messages increases. To cut down the presentment traffic a decrepit consistent strategy called delayed update can be used. In delayed update, when the presence waiter receives the updated presence information, the presence waiter starts a delayed horologe with a period T. This period is called delayed threshold. Within the period T, if the presence information is updated, so old information is replaced by the new information. When the timer expires, the pr esence waiter notifies the spectator of the presence information. Therefore, the presentments for the updates in T are saved.In 8 mentioned about chord which provide a scalable peer-to-peer search service for internet application. A cardinal job that challenges peer-to-peer application is turn uping the lymph node that store a peculiar information point. This paper presents a solution for this by showing chord. The chord provides one operation given a key, it maps the cardinal onto a node.In peer-to-peer system, the application is distributed without any cardinal control, where the package running equivalent in functionality at each node. The check node is responsible for hive awaying a value associated with the key. Chord uses hashing to fate keys to allow chord nodes. Each chord node needs just now a few other nodes routing information. Because the routing tabular array is distributed to other nodes. If N-node presented in a system, so each node maintain information notwith standing approximately O ( log N ) other nodes. The chord maintains its routing information as the nodes articulations and leaves a system.In 9 paper, an efficient and scalable waiter architecture called PresenceCloud is defined. PresenceCloud solve the scalability job called buddy list hunt job. Buddy list hunt job can be defined as the scalability job occurs when presence service is overloaded with buddy hunt message. The PresenceCloud can be used to expeditiously question the system for buddy list hunt. In PresenceCloud introduction, it consists of three constituents PresenceCloud waiter sheathing, one-hop caching scheme and directed buddy hunt. When the nomadic user get into the PresenceCloud, the user authenticate to the nomadic presence service. and so the nomadic user opens a TCP connexion to one of the presence waiter. The nomadic user sends a petition to the presence waiter for buddy list hunt. PresenceCloud returns the presence information of the brothers. PresenceClou d is based on grid-quorum system ( size is vn?vn. When a presence waiter joins into the PresenceCloud, it gets an Idaho in the grid and obtains its presence waiter list. Presence server node can take one tug and one row of entries. This entry is called the presence waiter list.In the fig 3, the figure of presence waiter n=9.The PresenceCloud is arranged in grid-quorum with v9?v9 size. The presence waiter node 8 has presence server list 2,5,7,9 and 3 has 1,2,6,9 .PresenceCloud uses a hoarding scheme to retroflex presence information of each user to better the efficiency of the searching operation. Each presence server node maintains presence information of the affiliated users. When the neighbour establishes a connexion to presence waiter, the cache is updated. When a presence waiter receives a wonder/request from the nomadic user, it can react non simply from the lucifers from its ain list, but besides provide lucifers from its caches.Fig3 PresenceCloud Server OverlayThe fig ure of presentment messages increases when the nomadic user often changes its presence information. This buddy list hunt job can be solved by utilizing an algorithm called directed buddy hunt algorithm. This algorithm uses bipartisan sheathing and one-hop caching scheme. This helps PresenceCloud to supply fleet responses for big figure of nomadic user. The algorithm is defined in 9 .III. ComparisonIn mesh based design, all the presence information at each node is replicated to other nodes. Hence its hunt cost is provided one message. In distributed hash tabular array ( chord based ) , no reproduction presence information of a user is merely stored in one presence waiter. Here, each brother must be searched one by one. In PresenceCloud, its hunts buddy list from ain node list and cache list. Besides notifies other users about the new presence information.Simulation consequence is mentioned in 9 .This paper shows graphical representation of their consequence. Findingss from that graphical representation are( I ) As the attain rate of nomadic user additions, the figure of presence message is really low in PresenceCloud. Hence PresenceCloud outperforms all other design.( two ) As the reaching rate of nomadic user additions, the mean seeking messages/user is low in PresenceCloud. That means PresenceCloud requires least message transmittal.( three ) Average message transmittal of PresenceCloud additions bit by bit with the figure of presence waiter.( four ) Average message transmittal of PresenceCloud is non impacted by the figure of brothers.When analysing hunt satisfaction in waiter architecture, the findings are ( I ) Buddy seeking latency grows with the figure of presence waiter in PresenceCloud. Here mesh-based design performs better.( two ) When the figure of brothers additions, buddy hunt latency is really low in mesh-based design. but suffer to a great extent communicating cost.DecisionFrom the analysis and survey, its found that PresenceCloud achieve s low hunt latency & A shows better public presentation than others. PresenceCloud solve brother list hunt job. Overall, PresenceCloud support a scalable nomadic presence service in big graduated table societal web services.Mentions 1 Facebook, hypertext maneuver protocol //www.facebook.com. 2 Twitter, hypertext transfer protocol //www.twitter.com 3 Buddycloud, hypertext transfer protocol //buddycloud.com 4 Google latitude, hypertext transfer protocol //www.google.com/imtl/enus/latitude/intro.html 5 Foursquare, hypertext transfer protocol //www.foursquare.com 6 R. B. Jennings, E. M. Nahum, D. P. Olshefski, D. Saha, Z.-Y. Shae, and C. Waters, A survey of cyberspace blink of an eye messaging and confab protocol, IEEE Network, 2006. . 7 W.-E. Chen, Y.-B. Lin and R.-H. Liou, A weakly consistent strategy for ims presence service, IEEE Transactions on WirelessCommunicationss, 2009. 8 I. Stoica, R. Morris, D. Karger, M. F. Kaashoek, and H. Balakrishnan, Chord A scalable peer-to- peer search service for cyberspace, IEEE/ACM Tran. on Networking, 2003. 9 Chi-Jen Wu, Jan-Ming Ho A ascendible Server Architecture for Mobile Presence Services in sociable Network Applications, IEEE minutess on nomadic computer science, 2013

Fresh Foods and Canned Foods Essay

Eating is an activity that we regularly do at least(prenominal) twice a day. We live in a world where the soma of food is immense, and we decide what we eat and how it will affect our bodies. As a reason, flavor, health benefits, and cost argon the differences between eating fresh foods and keep foods. The most notable difference between these two kinds of foods is their flavor. Fresh foods get d experience great flavor and taste because they keep all their natural conditions.In contrast, canned foods lack a lot of its flavor characteristics because there are some other chemical products added to the natural foods. For instance, the producers used to add more salt to a canned of beef to make the product salty instead of leaving its natural flavor. It is logical that fresh foods will set about a better taste and flavor because you will satisfy with your own taste when you do the cooking while the canned food do not give your own favorite taste. By comparing both(prenominal) ty pes of foods we notice another difference.Health is a factor that affects both of them. can foods lose some of the original fresh food nutrients when they are stored. They bring in to be tinned with many conservatives and chemical factors that extend the shelf sustenance and apparent freshness of the food, but could also become poisonous if consumed often. Moreover, canned foods will be expired in a specific time. Therefore, it is wild when you do not notice the expired day of the canned foods. another(prenominal) difference between these two types of foods is the cost.Canned foods are more dear(predicate) than fresh foods. The benefit of buying canned foods is that they are easier to find, for example, in a supermarket instead of the market like the fresh foods, and they require less live on to prepare than fresh foods, just open and serve. As we can befool it comes down to a personal choice, based on the time severally person has, the money and the importance he or she giv es to his or her provender and health. Therefore, it is important that you consider your possibilities and choose the best type of foods for your convenience and lifestyle.

Concord Bookshop Paper Essay

The evidence of swop has neer been more app arent accordingly as witnessed in the health boot industry at present time. Both internal and external influences are serving to shape a rapidly evolving health care grocery that requires health care organizations to non only recognize counter flip solely be leaveing to incorporate a learning culture that is pro lively to continuous tack (Spector, 2010). The successful implementation of change is highly parasitical upon how change is introduced, applied, and supported that enables old processes to be dismissed, new ideas are introduced, and a new vision that includes desired changes is accepted by all employees that it will influence (Spector, 2010).The owners of the declare bookstall viewed change as a complete process for improving their subscriber line or the introduction of a business solution (Spector, 2010). The real application of change has to do with involving people to change a process, technology, or even organizat ional wide change modalities. Instead, the owners and bill directed change and assumed that if it was mandated then change would be self-winding (Spector, 2010). CommunicationA critical phase that was overlooked by Concord bookstall is communication planning. Analytical assessments and the recognition of what changes are needed is a valid starting point, but if these changes are not communicated effectively then changes will be met with great resistance and confusion by employees, vendors, and more or less importantly customers (Spector, 2010). Awareness essential be communicated that identifies the reason for change and the downside if change is not implemented (Spector, 2010).This awareness depends on ensuring that the communication applied is specifically designed for the audience it is intended. Communication of change will be delivered otherwise to front-line employees than it would be to upper caution andstill different to vendors and customers. The owners of the Concor d Bookshop communicated only to inform that change has interpreted place without giving anyone a chance to understand why change is needed in the original place. SponsorshipA buy-in by those most capable of implementing change is vital to ensuring a high level of change management and successful change (Spector, 2010). This is not the same as supporting change but instead is the active role of senior business leaders in involved in active participation that results in evidence of change. Management acting as agents of change can lead from the front and help identify problems, communicate, and create positive change environments. This is also an avenue to ensure the vision and complaint of change is maintained throughout the change process (Spector, 2010). ResistanceNo matter how well the communication and sponsorship of change implementation processes is applied at that place is always a level of resistance. This resistance must be managed in a proactive and timely manner (Specto r, 2010). Change agents, teams, and leaders must recognize change resistance and apply proper processes and tools to support change implementation in all phases of change in an organization.The Concord Bookshop did not consider employee resistance to change and went as far as to disregard communication stating the reasons for resistance. A business that view employees as a liability and a cost, fail to see employees as human cracking and assets. This view is counter to how vendors and customers view them (Spector, 2010).The Concord Bookshop represents an excellent character of how not to attempt change. If employees would have been included in the early stages of depth psychology to define the change required, they would have created a proactive change management environment (Spector, 2010). Instead, the surprise of change that was perpetuated upon the employees was met with across the board resistance, bewilderment, anger, and derision that resulted in the loss of many highly qua lified employees and management. These factors created afailure of change management where the loss of employees and resulting customers would cost the company far more than if they had taken the time to implement change management process correctly to make with (Spector, 2010).ReferencesSpector, B. (2010). Implementing organizational change Theory into practice (2nd ed). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall.

Night World : Spellbinder Chapter 15

Thea. Dani was shaking her weapon. Theyre talk to you.The visions were g iodin. Thea was standing in Grans workshop, trip uping everything as if by means of a distorting lens. Peoples faces come outed to stretch their voices showmed to drag.I asked, how did you learn the invocation for prosecuteing savour up? Gran say slowly.Eric. He wont wait hell start with forth me. Or forget he? I told him not to. only when hell be worrying astir(p cherry-redicate) the party.The party. All those kids pull agglomerate little kids. Humans, moreover people. interchangeable despoil chicks with a hawk up above. How m whatever of them pass on end up like Kevin?The invocation for summoning spirits Gran was sh come forthing, as if Thea were effortful of hearing.I we I heard you at Samhain two years ago. In Vermont. I apothegm the summoning the Inner circumstances did. Even her cause voice adepted weird and distorted.We see you. Both of us. We were hiding behind the trees and you never even noticed, Blaise said clearly, and the bells rang again.Dimly, Thea mat appreciation. solely most of her mind was reeling from terrible thought to thought. Eric tho if I try to get to him, if the Inner Circle finds out hes involved that will get him killed. A human who knows somewhat the Night reality. Immediate death sentence.But Suzanne. If he burns those dummies, Suzanne will kill him the way she killed Kevin.No occasion what happened, Eric was going to end up dead. UnlessWhich of the spirits did you c tot ally? Gran was shouting, as if Thea was now not wholly hard of hearing nevertheless slow of understanding. UnlessThats what I want to ordain you, Thea said. She could externalize the way. It would mean the end for her, but she ability possibly run by means of Eric. If t here was enough date, if they would allow her al peerless, if Eric wasnt secure now trying to be a hero.I want to regularize you about it, Thea said again. And in that respectfore the spoken language were tumbling out in a rush, instantaneous and faster, as if some dam had broken inside her. And Ill tell you everything-but please, granny knot, please, you fork over to let me go out now. bonnie for a little while. thithers something I re construction to do. You commence to let me go, and then(prenominal) Ill stick with fanny here and you sight do whatever you want to me.Hold on a minute, M early(a) Cybele said, but Thea couldnt s croak.Please-please. Grandma. Ive d ane a terrible thing-and Im the in effect(p) unrivalled who can take care of it. Ill come back-Wait, wait, wait. Calm d protest, Gran said. She reflexioned agitate herself. Whats this rush all of sudden? Try it slowly. What do you think you keep up to do?I book to localise her back. Thea saw that she was going to have to give some explanation. She tried to speak dearly and slowly, to make them understand. The spirit I let out, Grandma. Her name is Suzanne Blanchet and she was burne d in the sixteen hundreds. And shes out, out there, and shes already killed a human.Everyone was listening now, some leaning forward, some frowning. Thea appearanceed more or less at the circle of faces, talking to all of them. She was still terrified, but what did that matter? Eric mattered.Last week she killed a boy at my high school. And this evening shes going to kill more people, at the high school Halloween party. I cant explain how I know-there isnt time. But I do know. And Im the only one who can stop her. I called her Im the only one who can grade her back.Yes, but unfortunately its not that easy, a low voice said. Thea score and identified Rhys, a wiry man in a egg white lab coat. If the spirits at large- I know about that, but I have a way to trap her.Its all set up, and I Thea hesitated. Ive tricked somebody into helping me, she said slowly. And hes in danger right now. Which is why you have to let me go, let me take care of this. Please.You want to go to the high school, where the party is, Aunt Ursula said. Although her lips were as thin as ever, she didnt sound angry. More-astute.Thea opened her mouth to say no, and then stopped, confused again.The party-or the desert? If Suzanne was unfeignedly killing people at the party, she should go there. But only if Eric wasnt doing something to root for Suzanne to the desert. He was still more important to her than anyone else. But if he wasnt doing something-and if Suzanne was at the party-she might kill before Thea and Eric could lure her. Im going crazy.She entangle, literally, as if she might faint. Her head was swimming. There were too many possibilities. It all depended on where Suzanne was right now, and there was no way to know that.Thea began to shake violently, portentous dots move in front of her eyes. I dont know what to do.Im sorry could everybody listen for a moment? Im seeing something.It was Aradias voice, quiet and gently self-possessed. Mature, even though she was only a lit tle older than Thea. Thea tried to see her through the black dots.I think its something important, something about what were talking about, Aradia said. Her beautifulface, with its smooth contend the color of coffee with cream, was turned toward Thea. Her wide brown eyes looked peachy ahead without focus, the way they always did.Aradia couldnt see with those eyes-but then she didnt need to. She saw with her mind-and saw things that were hidden to most people.Im seeing a boy-hes dressed in some old-fashioned costume. Hes beside a combust, inside a circle of stones.Eric.Hes got a stick-an ember. Hes looking virtually. Now hes going to it looks like a scarecrow. I cant see it well. Theres a pile of sticks underneath it. Hes bending. Hes easying the sticks.No.I have to go, Thea said. She wasnt asking permission anymore.Aradia was still speaking. Okay, the sticks are catching fervor. Now I can see better and its not a scarecrow it looks break of like a witch. A doll. She stopped, her lovely blind eyes widening. Its-and its locomote-no, theres something moving it. I can see it now-a spirit. A spirit is moving the doll. Its coming out now-toward the boy-I have to go, Thea said. And then she was moving, pushing her way amongst Rhys and Old Bob, breaking out of the circle. The beads of the curtain struck her face, clattering as they fell back behind her.Thea, wait a minuteThea, come back hereUrsula, you go get her-The jeep. My backpacks in the jeep. I have to get it first.The keys to the Lincoln were hanging on a nail by the back ingress. Thea grabbed them.She pushed the back door open provided as triplet or four people came hurrying through the bead curtain. She slammed the door in their faces.Get to the car. Fast. Now drive.She backed out of the alley, tires squealing. She could see light spill as the door to the shop opened, but by then she was turning onto Barren Street.She found herself driving at some bracing level, squeezing through the crumb end of yellow lights, recognizing shortcuts in the dark. In just a fewer minutes she was at the Night World club with the jack-o-lanterns on the porch.There was no place to park the Lincoln. She oddover it in the middle of the street, with the keys still in the ignition. She pulled the key to the jeep out of her belt and jumped in.Hurry. Hurry. She burned rubber again getting the jeep moving.Hurry. The secreteway.Just let me get to him. And let it not be too late. Thats all I ask, after that I dont care.Would you give up everything?The voice didnt seem like a stranger this time, didnt seem menacing. Just curious. And Thea had an answer.Yes.If I can just get there, in time, I can dedicate him away. I can tell him some story, make him go somehow. Make him hide. Ill tell the Circle I tricked him or enchanted him into helping I wont even tell them his name. They cant make me.Whatever they do to me, hell be safe. Thats all I care about. Thats all Im asking.But even that was a lot, and she knew it, so she unploughed her foot mashed down on the gas pedal. Freeway off ramp. location road. She drove crazily fast. The pounding inside her head kept express hurry, hurry, even as she was careening off curbs. Desert.Now the road was bad. It was hard to see the moon was almost down. The jeep lunged over bumps and lurched into potholes.Eric, be doing something. Be talking to her, be running. Youre so smart, please, please, be smart now. Keep her distracted, keep her bull away from your neck.How strong was a spirit? Thea didnt know. Please, I see everything so clearly now. Ive been selfish, only thinking of me, what would make me happy. All that encased in ice garbage. I should have been leap in the street. As gigantic as Eric is all right, I dont care if he lives on Mars, I dont care if I never see him again. As long as hes well Im happier than anybody has a right to be.A jolt rattled her teeth. She was off the road now, driving by landmarks. Through forests of dead y uccas that looked like tight gray Cousin Its.Its taking so long, its too long. Hurry. Hurry.She could see red sandstone in front of her. Pillars in the headlights.Thats it Go, goThe jeep rocketed over clumps of blackbrush. She could see fire in the depression between the pillars. She drove straight toward it.Fire-movement-the top of a silhouetteEricShe was yelling even as she slammed on the brakes. The jeep ground to a shuddering stop a few inches from a misshapen sandstone tower.Eric She had the backpack in her consecrate. She tore the door open and jumped out, running.Thea checkout out of hereShe saw him.The light of the fire cast an eery glow onto the already lurid sandstone. Everything seemed red, as if this place were bathed in blood. The nose drops of the jeeps engine and the roar of the fire merged to sound like the flames of hell.But Brie was alive and fighting. Fighting it.Thea threw herself at it, even as her brain was registering impressions.A wraith shape that looked at one second like a adult female, and the next second like tattered clouds. Part of it seemed to be gyrate around Eric, and he had both strains at his throat. Bits of the pine-needle amulet Thea had do for him were scattered around his feet. Useless.Get away from him Im the one who set this up Thea screamed. She reached Eric and grabbed wildly at the wraith, at the part of it around his throat. Her gloves felt Erics make passs, felt cold air.No-Thea, watch out-She saw the thing come free of Eric, who staggered. She saw it re-form, gather, then dive straight for her.Thea Eric knocked her sideways. Cold air step on it by.She and Eric fell in a heap. She gasped Eric, go, even before she got up. She tried to stuff at him, looking around for the wraith. Go-get out of here The jeeps running-get in and just drive. Ill call you later.Stay back to back, Eric said breathlessly. Shes incredibly fast. He added through his teeth, You know Im not leaving.This is witch stuff, you jerk she snarled, standing back to back. I dont want you. Youll just get in my wayIt was a doughty effort. She even managed to inject something like hatred into her voice. And Eric wasnt perfect. He turned around, grabbed her by the shoulder, and yelled, You know Im not going, so dont waste any more timeThen he shoved her sideways again and freezing rear streaky by her cheek, leaving her ear numb.Sorry, he said in his shape voice. You okay?Thea spun and looked behind her. The wraith was bobbing there. It was shaped like a woman made of vapor, with arms and legs only suggested, but with a long tail of haircloth that whipped around.Ive got the stuff, Thea muttered to Eric. Admit-ting she knew hed never leave. But itll take a few minutes to do the speckle. Well have to keep out of- She was watching the work over tail, but she wasnt fast enough. There was a sound-something between the snap of a whip and the crackle of electricity- and the tail flashed out. It was around her neck.At first it just felt cold. Insubstantial but icy, like a scarf of subzero wind. But then the wraith gave a jerk and it tightened and it did have substance. It felt like metal, like a pipe full of supercooled liquid, like the tentacle of some unknown region creature with ice for blood. It was choking her.She couldnt breathe and she couldnt get her fingers under it. It squeezed tighter, pain sensation her. She could feel her eyes start to bulge.Look at me Eric yelled. He had a stick that was blazing at one end and he was dancing up and down like a crazy person on the other side of the fire. Look Suzanne Im going to get your little child He poked the burning stick at the dummy Lucienne, not at the wood piled around her, but at the actual doll.There There How do you like that? He jabbed at the doll. A ring of fire blossomed in the black clothes. Confess youre a witchThea felt something slip away and her neck was free.She tried to shout a warning to Eric, but all that came out was a croak. He was already diving to one side anyway. That must be what hes been doing all this time.Dodging.Eric, keep it upOkay, but work fast He threw himself the other way.She forced herself to turn her charge from him. Her backpack was at the edge of the circle where shed dropped it. She grabbed it and dumped the contents out on the ground.She had to do this right and she had to do it faster than shed ever worked a spell before.Oak and ash. She threw them on the central fire, then scooted toward it, dragging the other materials conclusion with a sweep of her arm.She ripped open a plastic bag and grabbed the paradise tree chips. They were light, and she had to thrust her hand into the flames to make sure they actually went in the fire. joyous thistle was powder she threw it. Mandrake root was solid, she threw it, too.She had just grabbed the ounce vial when Eric shouted, Thea, duck.She didnt look up to see what she was ducking. She fell flat instantly. It saved her. Icy wind blew her ha ir almost into the fire.Suzanne Eric was yelling. Ive got your brother LookThere were fires at all three stakes now, and Eric was dashing between them, poking at one figure after another.Thea pulled the plastic cap off the vial with her teeth. She shake it into the fire, her hand in the flames again. One, two, three.The fire roared up, louder than ever, and pure blue thistle. Thea fell back from it.Suzanne everyplace here Erics voice was faint beyond the roar.Tears were running down Theas face, her nose and eyes stinging from the acrid smell. She fumbled for the last object required for the sending-back the bag of eternal sleep from the bronze bowl. She took a handful in her left hand and dropped it between two charcoaled logs at the edge of the fire.Then she stood up-and saw that Eric was in trouble.Hed lost his burning stick. The wraith had him by the throat and it was revolution him around, changing shape every second. His mouth was open, but Thea couldnt hear any sound.May I be given the Power of the Words of HecateShe screamed it, into the stentorian fire, toward the wheeling, changing spirit shape.And the words came, rolling off her tongue with a power of their ownFrom the emotional state of the flame I send you back Through the narrow path I send you backShe put all her own power into the words, too, screaming them with an authority that shed never felt in herself before. Because the wraith was fighting. It didnt want to go anywhere.To the airy void I send you back Through the mist of years I send you backEric staggered, was jerked sideways. He seemed to be lifted off his feet by the wraith.To beyond the veil I send you back Go speedily, conveniently, and without delayErics feet were kicking in the air. This is how Kevin died, Thea realized suddenly and with absolute certainty.She found herself yelling words shed never heard before. By the power of Earth and Air and peeing By the power of Fire on this night of Hecate By my own power as a daughte r of Hellewise Go speedily, conveniently and without delay, you complainShe had no idea where that came from. But the next instant Eric fell. The wraith had dropped him.It prick toward Thea-but then it stopped as if it had slammed into an invisible brick wall. It was directly over the fire.Caught.The blue flames were belching smoke-but sideways. Thea could see the wraith dearly above them. And for the first time, it didnt look like a cloud shape. It looked like a woman.A girl. older than Thea, but still in her teens. With long dark hair that floated around her and a pale face and huge sad eyes. Her lips were parted as if she were trying to speak.Thea stared. She heard herself whisper, SuzanneThe girl held out a pale hand toward her. But at the same moment the fire flared up again. It seemed to turn the girls hair to fire, too. Dark fire was burning all around her and there was an expression of infinite sadness on her face. Thea reached out a hand instinctively-The fire roared-And there was a flash like lightning.Suzanne had been drawn to the heart of the flame. And now the lightning formed a strobilus the narrow path.Plastic bags and other debris whipped around the circle as if caught in a whirlwind.Suzanne and the cone of white lightning disappeared into each other.To the airy void. Through the mist of years.The fire flared up above Theas head, and then sank down. The blue seemed to fall to the bottom. The flames turned yellow, like unremarkable fire.It was as if a curtain had been drawn.To beyond the veil.That was where Suzanne was now.At the edge of the bonfire, where the residue had been, there was a lump of soft dust. Thea knelt and picked it up. She looked into the center of the flames-and saw a coil of long hair, the color of mahogany. The ends were starting to blacken and shrinkin the fire.Thea reached in to grab it. She folded the hair over and quickly pressed the clay around it. It was a clumsy job, Blaise would have done much better, but the ha ir was enclosed. She groped on the ground for the wooden seal, found it, punched it into the clay. Suzannes symbol, the cabalistic shorten for her name, was printed.It was done.The amulet was restored, Suzanne was trapped again. Shed stay where she belonged unless somebody else was stupid enough to summon her.Thea dropped the amulet without looking at it, got up, and staggered around the fire to where Eric was lying. Her vision was strangely gray.After all this he has to be all right oh, please, let him beHe moved when she reached him.Eric, we did it. Shes gone. We did it.He grinned faintly. Said in a scratchy voice, You dont have to cry.She hadnt realized she was.Eric sat up. He was terminally mussed, his hair wild, his face dirty. He looked wonderful to her.We did it, she whispered again. She reached out to smooth his hair, and her hand stayed there.He glanced at the fire, then back at her. I pleasing of hated to say those things to her. I mean, no matter how bad she was He tou ched Theas neck, stroking gently. Are you okay? I think youve got a bruise.Me? Youre the one who really got it. She put her free hand to his throat, fingers just barely touching. But I know what you mean, she whispered. I felt-sorry-for her at the end.Dont cry again. Please. I really hate that, he whispered, and he put his free arm around her.And then they were just kissing madly. Deliriously. Laughing and kissing and place each other. She could taste her own tears on his lips, warming with his warmth, and she was panic like a bird in a thicket.A few moments later a noise broke in. Thea didnt want to move, but Eric looked, and then he stiffened.Uh, weve got company.Thea looked up.There were cars just outside the sandstone pillars. Parked cars. They must have driven up sometime during the fight with Suzanne, while the roar of the fire blocked out the sound of their engines, while Theas attention was focused on the wraith trying to Ml her.Because the people were already out of the c ars. Grandma Harman, supported by Aunt Ursula. Rhys in his lab coat. Dumpling-shaped Mother Cybele, with her hand on Aradias arm. Old Bob, Nans Buruku.Most of the Inner Circle was here.

Charter School Marketing Strategy

New Heights contrast academy of Sports Leadership and Development (NHBA), a start-up select check, located in the store district of S proscribedheast section of Memphis, Tennessee, leave behind have its first distinguish in August 2011. NHBA testament enhance the conduct domesticate attempt by introducing learners to the c atomic number 18-side of athletics. Educators, supporters, and p atomic number 18nts became concern after noticing the poor stage course decisions some jocks prevail during their careers. A mutual decision arrived that athletes did not know how to food market themselves. On this idea alone, plans for NHBA were underway.What are take on prepares? Charter trains are independently-ran everyday schools created by concerned mortals who saw there was a lack of quality teaching in the public school system. These schools are free to select their consume educational goals and curriculum, choose their own teaching staff, and come their own standar ds for student behavior. In addition, they have the freedom to extend the school day and year. check to the Tennessee Charter School Association (TSCA), since 2002 seventeen charter schools operating in the State of Tennessee, with applications submitted each year.Approval for red-hot charter school applications is with with(predicate) a state mandated agency, the Local Education Agency. Currently there are 24 charter schools operating in Memphis. (www. mcsk12. net) The charter school law mandates that charter school has to open it doors to all students, including physically and mentally impair students and students of a diverse background, with first priority given to students that * have previously attended a charter school * attend poor acting schools * s midpointd below proficiency on the TCAP and Gateway exams * receive free or decr rest lunchThe law states that charter school can except select 25% of their students qualifying on free and/or reduced lunches. The res tder leave alone come from the above categories. Charter schools are the school of choice for m some(prenominal) parents because of the quality of education they provide. Parents are at ease knowing their infant is in a safe, learning environment their individual needs are met and will receive the necessary tools for success. These schools have set high standards in education and must adhere to those standards if they want to remain open.However, public schools remain open no matter how they perform. According to the TCSA, c % of charter school funding is issued from the state and local anesthetic governments. They are empower to Title I and Special Education funds based on student enrollment. Un manage public schools, charter schools have to depend firmly on grants, donations, and fundraisers to cover costs, such as, start-up, renovation, construction, and another(prenominal) expenditures not incorporated in the funding budget. commercialisedappeal. om printed an issue in J uly 2010, which stated last year charter schools received $10,394 in funding per child. Since Memphis city Schools is being tasked with overseeing charter schools, a fee of 3% will be charged. After the fee is placed, charter schools will receive $7,633 per child, excluding school lunches and other fees not obligated by the district. There will be fifteen charter schools affected by this fee. New Heights Business honorary society of Sports Leadership and Development (NHBA), is a public charter school that will serve future students in 9th thru 12th arranges.NHBA will address the needs of students academically and athletically, in a business environment. As a charter school, our center on is to train students for college through innovation and abundance in an attractive and meticulous college-preparatory educational program, which meets the needs of todays students. In conjunction with learning the regular subjects like Math, English and Science, NHBA focuses on Business as it realizes students for college and life, and introduces athletes to enrichment that will allow them to outdo physically and psychologically.We plan to introduce students to a setting that hinges on business and athleticism pullulatement. NHBA will open in the fall of 2011 and will be accepting applications for enrollment for 100 Ninth-grade slots. The school plans to add a grade each year and hopes ultimately to serve 500 hundred students in grades 9th through 12th. NHBA is conveniently located, in Southeast Memphis on the corner of Riverdale and Winchester at 7060 Winchester Road Memphis TN 38125, in the warehouse district.Mission. At New Heights Business Academy of Sports Leadership and Development (NHBA), our mission is to academically develop and prepare students for the social environment of business and athletic professionalism through a core curriculum profoundly based on preparing them to be business literate person and knowledgably confident in merchandise themselves in whichever venue they choose. In consistent of our mission, NHBA aspires to provide structured curriculums with a business foundation. Our focus is to educate and prepare potential students for college and ultimately life.NHBAs core values include exposing prospective students to rigorous educational development to prepare them for college while instilling egotism worth so that our athletes recognize their value. Partnerships with parents students and teachers to are substantial to our success, so it is a priority. NHBA is a college preparatory school with a grim classroom setting we cater student-teacher ratio of 1 to 13 and focus on our number one goal the children. Environmental Analysis/ competitor Southeast Memphis consists of zip codes 38141, 38125, and 38115.The combined cosmoss for those three zip codes are 87,247. For the population for this area of the city, almost 20,000 are families with children who could be prospective students at NHBA. As a public charter school our competition are the public schools, the undercover schools and the optional schools in and near this area, to include other charter schools. At least eight high schools serve this vicinity, not including the private schools. Of those schools in the area, two of them are on the list for striving schools (Memphis City Schools, 2010).NHBA will focus its target first on middle schools in the Eastern section of the City of Memphis, such as Ridgeway, Kirby, Southwind, Germantown, and any other schools in the area. Our main competition will be established and upcoming charter high schools, such as Memphis Academy of Science and Engineering, Memphis Academy of Health Sciences, and KIPP Academy. Then we will expand out target market to other areas of the city. The southeastern part of the city was selected for the reason that there are no charter schools in this area.A charter school in this area will serve as a convenience to workings parents who want to enroll their children in char ter schools. Trends Affecting the Outcome Our school structure is in desperate need of transformation. Only 54 per centum of African American high school students and 56 percent of Hispanic high school students graduate. Even students who receive high school diplomas ofttimes lack fundamental academic skills nearly a third of freshman college students require remediation in math or English. In many major cities, the education crisis is confounding.In Detroit, for example, only 3 percent of economically disadvantaged eighth-graders are proficient in math (Tennessee Charter Schools Association, 2010). July 2010 Memphis school board approved fees from charter schools, over time Memphis City Schools will charge a three percent fee for overseeing the charter schools. The school boards decision to charge the fee will entail less money for students of some charter schools (Roberts, 2010). Possible legal or regulatory issues Through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, a noteworthy amount of funding has been targeted to improve state and local education systems.Tennessee was chosen as one of the two states out of sixteen to receive grants. everyplace the next four years, Tennessee will receive $500 million to implement their comprehensive school reform plans (Learning Point, 2010). For NHBAs survival, recruiting will be an key factor in retaining students. If we retain students, we receive funding. If we receive funding, we can offer an attractive program that will entice parents to enroll their students at NHBA. As with any business, the first year is the most difficult.To overcome these obstacles, NHBA and its supporters must go over that our school offered an attractive package. We needed to know * Did we have a set free and concise mission and vision statement? * Were we being honest and graphic about what NHBA has to offer? * Did we have a live point-of-contact and follow-up study for questions? * Is there a demand for the type of schoo l you are marketing? * Did we know our target market? NHBA is aware that our best recruiters are out parents and students. With the aid of our supporters, we will be able to reach our target market. new(prenominal) methods of advertisements will include * Live broadcasting media radio, television, newspapers, word of mouth * profit webpage free social networks (Facebook, Twitter, MySpace) * Open houses and school workshops * Join the local chamber of commerce and/or local business associations * Mass mailing, posters, flyers, brochures At NHBA, your child will encounter a challenging, exciting, and rewarding experience that will care them in gaining the skills and habits for college. Our faculty will go that extra mile to get word students grasp the fundamentals in order to be successful.Due to the new trends in technology, we want to make sure our students are prepared for college. With the vitiated learning environment, NHBA has to offer along with the student-to-teacher rat io of 131, students will develop close-knit relationships with their teachers and learn from individualized learning plans. In addition to this, students will benefit from added programs and student activities such as * Advanced Placement Courses These courses are college-level courses set up where students can receive college credit after successfully passing an exam. E-courses E-school is geared to provide NHBA students with an online class experience as they would in college. * Athlete-to-Student Mentor Programs This program will afford the students to be paired with an athlete for guidance and to promote academic success. Our athletic volunteers will come from our local professional pastimes teams, vault of heaven sports teams, and local colleges and universities * Mandatory Parental Involvement NHBA believes that enatic thing adds to the success of students. * Summer Sports CampsTo promote academic and athletic leadership, NHBA will be able to participate in sports camps h osted by our professional sports teams, arena sports teams, and local colleges and universities. * Volunteer Opportunities NHBA is passionate about community service. Community involvement is one of the main reasons we will be successful. * World-wide Awareness Programs * A sport is a worldwide activity, and hopefully some of our students will play for an foreign team. NHBA feels that it is important for our students to be aware of what is going on in the world.In conclusion, New Heights Business Academy of Sports Leadership and Development is geared to enhance the charter school movement. Most schools promote athletic leadership, simply NHBA will promote athletic development by introducing its students to the athletic business preparations. Upon graduation, NHBA students will have a clear knowledge of the athletic business goals and strategies. Our program will produce business-literate students that will be knowledgeable in marketing themselves and becoming productive citizens i n the community and in any endeavors, they chose to seek.Reference PageLearning Point . (2010, June ). Retrieved 2010, from Learningpt http//www.learningpt.org/pdfs/RttT_State_Legislation.pdf Memphis City Schools. (2010). Retrieved kinsfolk 8, 2010, from www.mcsk12.net http//www.mcsk12.net/ Roberts, J. (2010, July 20). Commercial Appeal. Retrieved September 9, 2010, from Commercial Appeal website http//www.commercialappeal.com/news/2010/jul/20/mcs-board-approves-fee-from-charter-schools/ Tennessee Charter Schools Association. (2010). Retrieved September 09, 2010, from tncharterschools http//www.tncharterschools.org/