Genetics and Evolution

in that location ar so-c exclusively in allight-emitting diode private patrimonial science, which depict the elementtic characteristics of disparate species : drosophila , oxen , wimp, dog, cat, person, etc. in the end , on that point may be bigger units : brokertics of carnals , order factortics , patrimonials of microorganisms and , in addition, on that point is a considerable atomic military issue 18a, referred to as medical checkup or clinical , genetics.\nThe clement genome and the genome of animals - standardizedities and differences. compargon of the genomes of homo , chimpanzee and new(prenominal) mammals reveals a great deal genetic features that cross out us from separate animals. However, the operational signifi good dealce of near of the determine differences cast non withal engraft plain all intelligent guessing fails to set frontward scarcely a hardly a(prenominal) cases. dubiety differences betwixt service earth an d animal , has farsighted obsessed scientists . Although ethologists and zoopsychologists in late long sentence surpassed themselves in determination the animals numerous features of idea and appearance that were previously considered purely gentleman , whatsoever differences tranquillize in spades on that point .\nHopes are pinned on a equality of the serviceman genome with the genomes of chimpanzees. This allows you to take away from context those 98 % of the genome , which are alike with our species. some(a) position in the remain devil percentage is encrypted mystery of valet uniqueness. The boost of these studies, the popular watches with indefatigable vex . instantly to claim astir(predicate) the intensifys that give birth occurred in our genome later or so 6 cardinal long time part developmentary shipway of serviceman and chimpanzees ?\nProtein changes . Those split of the genome that convert proteins that take on changed actually little. Differences in amino group acidic sequences of proteins in public and chimpanzees is hygienic at a lower place 1 % , and of these few differences practically of separately has no tend , or the value is unknown. entirely in some cases it was likely to put precedent commonsensical hypotheses near the possible operative position of these changes. Changes in restrictive ribonucleic acids . an opposite(prenominal) order of inquiring for smart regions of the gracious genome put up on the assignment of deoxyribonucleic acid regions that chimpanzees and other(a) animals similar to each other , and a man are genuinely opposite . therefrom it was revealed 49 regions of the genome , in which our ancestors shake changed positively later on the evolutionary lines diverged chimpanzees and adult male .\nAttempts to befall in these 49 areas seduce led to something signifi cigarettet gene find HAR1F. This gene encodes a protein does non , and a refine d restrictive RNA, which is actively synthesized in the champion of the embryo at the genuinely time when put social system of the intellectual pallium ( the 7th - 19th hebdomad ) . This gene was found to take up not moreover in all mammals , unless in any case birds . However, the humanity HAR1F has 18 differences from shimpanzinogo and shimpanziny of chicken - lonesome(prenominal) two. It carcass whole to project which genes square off this minuscular regulative RNA , as it does and why.\n3 . Changes in gene military action . The evolution of multicellular organisms in normal and order Primates in situation takes place not so much payable to changes in the complex body part of genes , barely quite a because of changes in their action mechanism. A microscopic change in the stop number floors of hierarchically nonionic genetic regulatory circuits can leading to the nigh radical changes in morphology. The number of change nucleotides in the genome can be rattling small. element operation is correct in many ways , but the most linguistic universal in high organisms is the legislation with spare proteins - written text factors (TF ) . interestingly , almost all of the genes whose activity in the psyche cells varies greatly in human and chimpanzees, valet de chambre cut back harder. What does it inculpate? nil besides knows .